SpringBoot集成ES（ElasticSearch）

1.导入依赖

 <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>

导入依赖后，注意在依赖中查看对应的版本是否与本机ES对应

2.创建配置并编写测试类

@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchConfig {// 注册 rest高级客户端@Beanpublic RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("127.0.0.1",9200,"http")));return client;}
}

测试类测试各种常用API：

@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApp.class)
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class ElasticSearchTest {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;// 测试索引的创建， Request PUT liuyou_index@Testpublic void createIndex() throws IOException {//创建索引请求CreateIndexRequest request=new CreateIndexRequest("create");//客户端执行请求  请求后获得响应CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse = restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(createIndexResponse);//获取索引GetIndexRequest getIndexRequest=new GetIndexRequest("create");//查看索引是否存在boolean exists = restHighLevelClient.indices().exists(getIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(exists);//删除索引DeleteIndexRequest deleteIndexRequest=new DeleteIndexRequest();AcknowledgedResponse delete = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(deleteIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(delete.isAcknowledged());}//删除索引@Testpublic void DeleteIndex() throws IOException {DeleteIndexRequest deleteIndexRequest=new DeleteIndexRequest("create");AcknowledgedResponse delete = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(deleteIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(delete.isAcknowledged());}//添加文档@Testpublic void addDocument() throws IOException {//创建对象Manager manager=new Manager(1,"王五","123");IndexRequest indexRequest=new IndexRequest("test2");//规则  PUT  /test2/_doc/1indexRequest.id("1");indexRequest.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1));//将数据类型放入请求                         JSON格式indexRequest.source(JSON.toJSONString(manager), XContentType.JSON);//客户端发送请求 获取响应结果IndexResponse indexResponse = restHighLevelClient.index(indexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(indexResponse.toString());System.out.println(indexResponse.status());  //对应我们命令返回的状态结果}//判断文档是否存在@Testpublic void testGetDocumentExists() throws IOException {//获取文档 判断是否存在GetRequest getRequest=new GetRequest("test2","1");//不获取_source的上下文了getRequest.fetchSourceContext(new FetchSourceContext(false));getRequest.storedFields("_none_");boolean exists = restHighLevelClient.exists(getRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(exists);/*-----------------------------------*///获取文档信息}//获取文档的信息@Testpublic void testGetDocument() throws IOException {//获取文档 判断是否存在GetRequest getRequest=new GetRequest("test2","1");//不获取_source的上下文了GetResponse documentFields = restHighLevelClient.get(getRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(documentFields.getSourceAsString());//打印文档内容System.out.println(documentFields); //返回的是全部内容 和命令一样}//更新文档@Testpublic void updateDocument() throws IOException {//获取文档 判断是否存在UpdateRequest updateRequest=new UpdateRequest("test2","1");Manager manager=new Manager(1,"老六","666");//将JSON格式的对象添加updateRequest.doc(JSON.toJSONString(manager),XContentType.JSON);UpdateResponse update = restHighLevelClient.update(updateRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(update.status());restHighLevelClient.close();}//删除文档@Testpublic void DeleteDocument() throws IOException {DeleteRequest deleteRequest=new DeleteRequest("test2","1");deleteRequest.timeout("1s");DeleteResponse delete = restHighLevelClient.delete(deleteRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(delete.status());restHighLevelClient.close();}//批量插入数据  真实环境一般都是批量插入@Testpublic void BulkDocument() throws IOException {BulkRequest bulkRequest=new BulkRequest();bulkRequest.timeout("10s");   //数据越大最好设置越大ArrayList<Manager> list=new ArrayList<>();list.add(new Manager(2,"哈哈结","886"));list.add(new Manager(2,"特朗噗","856"));list.add(new Manager(2,"王某某","999"));//批处理请求for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest("test2").id(""+(i+1)).source(JSON.toJSONString(list.get(i)),XContentType.JSON));}BulkResponse bulk = restHighLevelClient.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(bulk.hasFailures()); //是否失败  返回false 代表成功}// 查询// SearchRequest 搜索请求//  SearchSourceBuilder 条件构造// HighLightBuilder  构建高亮// TermQueryBuilder 精确查询////搜索@Testpublic void testSearch() throws IOException {SearchRequest searchRequest=new SearchRequest("test2");//构建搜索条件SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder=new SearchSourceBuilder();searchSourceBuilder.highlighter(); //高亮//查询条件,可以使用QueryBuilders工具来实现//QueryBuilders.termQuery 精确//QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()  匹配所有TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder= QueryBuilders.termQuery("username","肖");searchSourceBuilder.query(termQueryBuilder);searchSourceBuilder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder);SearchResponse search = restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);}
}

API总结：其使用规则一般先创建对应的请求Request,例如updateRequest、GetRequest.... 然后请求对象中输入对应的索引值。然后操作各个对象的属性，最后使用client对象进行操作。

3.具体业务实现（个人项目演示）

💡思路：

1.首先需要将数据库中的所有数据，同步到ElasticSearch中。这边先编写好对应的添加类。

2.数据同步完成后，编写相应的搜索业务类。

3.还应该封装一个ES各种操作类，如增删查改等（也可以用现成的ESTemplate）。

💡注意事项：

将文档的id值和数据的id值设为一个值。

在编写ES的操作类时想到一个问题，一个文档数据在es中有一个id值，相当于数据库中每一行的一个主键id值。而操作文档数据需要用到这个id值（发生修改时等），如若文档id值和数据本身的一个id值不一致的话，那么会非常不便。所以需要在批量插入数据的时候，需要将文档id和数据id一一对应。

 //批量插入升级版,文档id值和对象id值一一对应(便于后续删改操作)//其中的id值--指的是在es索引中文档的id值  相当于数据库中每一行数据的id值  需要将这两个id值设为同一个public void bulkByIdDocument(Map<String,Object> map, String index){ConnectElasticSearch.connect(client -> {BulkRequest bulkRequest=new BulkRequest(index);bulkRequest.timeout(EsConfig.DSTimeOut);for (String id : map.keySet()) {Object o = map.get(id);bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest(index).id(id).source(JSON.toJSONString(map.get(id)),XContentType.JSON));}BulkResponse bulkResponse = client.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println("添加是否失败=" + bulkResponse.hasFailures()); //返回false代表成功});}

将传入参数改为Map<String,Object>结构,其中String对象的id值。Object为该对象。在外部将List中的对象循环取出依次存入这个map即可。

  public void addPhone(){List<EsPhone> list = esPhoneDao.findAll();Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();for (EsPhone esPhone : list) {map.put(String.valueOf(esPhone.getId()),esPhone);}esService.bulkByIdDocument(map,EsConfig.index);}

结果显示如图：

💡关于分词器与搜索匹配的坑：

在使用term匹配时候，发现输入两个字以上的中文时搜索不出任何东西出来。后续是排查出索引字段是用的默认standard分词器，而默认中文分词器会把中文全部拆开，所以两字以上无法匹配出来。后续又尝试修改索引分词器，但没有效果。最终删除索引，手动创建索引并给相应的字段添加ik分词器后得到解决。

自定义索引创建规则

PUT /xiaomi-phone
{"mappings": {"properties": {"cap":{"type": "text"},"color":{"type": "text"},"price":{"type": "float"},"num":{"type": "long"},"name":{"type": "text","analyzer": "ik_max_word"},"pid":{"type": "long"},"id":{"type": "long"},"brand":{"type": "text", "analyzer": "ik_smart"},"pics":{"type": "text"}}}
}