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文章目录
前言
OkHttp 是一个由 Square 开发的高效、现代的 HTTP 客户端库,用于 Android 和 Java 应用程序。它支持 HTTP/2 和 SPDY 等现代网络协议,并提供了多种功能和优化,使其成为处理网络请求的流行选择。这次项目中我将会使用OkHttp来发送网络请求
一、OkHttp是什么?
OkHttp 是一个由 Square 开发的高效、现代的 HTTP 客户端库,用于 Android 和 Java 应用程序。
二、使用步骤
1.OkHttp请求代码
package com.easybbs.utils;import com.easybbs.entity.enums.ResponseCodeEnum;
import com.easybbs.exception.BusinessException;
import okhttp3.*;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;public class OKHttpUtils {/*** 请求超时时间5秒*/private static final int TIME_OUT_SECONDS = 5;private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OKHttpUtils.class);private static OkHttpClient.Builder getClientBuilder() {OkHttpClient.Builder clientBuilder = new OkHttpClient.Builder().followRedirects(false).addInterceptor(new RedirectInterceptor()).retryOnConnectionFailure(false);clientBuilder.connectTimeout(TIME_OUT_SECONDS, TimeUnit.SECONDS).readTimeout(TIME_OUT_SECONDS, TimeUnit.SECONDS);clientBuilder.sslSocketFactory(createSSLSocketFactory()).hostnameVerifier((hostname, session) -> true);return clientBuilder;}private static Request.Builder getRequestBuilder(Map<String, String> header) {Request.Builder requestBuilder = new Request.Builder();if (null != header) {for (Map.Entry<String, String> map : header.entrySet()) {String key = map.getKey();String value;if (map.getValue() == null) {value = "";} else {value = map.getValue();}requestBuilder.addHeader(key, value);}}return requestBuilder;}private static FormBody.Builder getBuilder(Map<String, String> params) {FormBody.Builder builder = new FormBody.Builder();if (params == null) {return builder;}for (Map.Entry<String, String> map : params.entrySet()) {String key = map.getKey();String value;if (map.getValue() == null) {value = "";} else {value = map.getValue();}builder.add(key, value);}return builder;}public static String getRequest(String url) throws BusinessException {ResponseBody responseBody = null;try {OkHttpClient.Builder clientBuilder = getClientBuilder();Request.Builder requestBuilder = getRequestBuilder(null);OkHttpClient client = clientBuilder.build();Request request = requestBuilder.url(url).build();Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();responseBody = response.body();return responseBody.string();} catch (SocketTimeoutException | ConnectException e) {logger.error("OKhttp POST 请求超时,url:{}", url, e);throw new BusinessException(ResponseCodeEnum.CODE_900);} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("OKhttp GET 请求异常", e);return null;} finally {if (responseBody != null) {responseBody.close();}}}public static String postRequest(String url, Map<String, String> header, Map<String, String> params) throws BusinessException {ResponseBody responseBody = null;try {OkHttpClient.Builder clientBuilder = getClientBuilder();Request.Builder requestBuilder = getRequestBuilder(header);FormBody.Builder builder = getBuilder(params);OkHttpClient client = clientBuilder.build();RequestBody requestBody = builder.build();Request request = requestBuilder.url(url).post(requestBody).build();Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();responseBody = response.body();String responseStr = responseBody.string();return responseStr;} catch (SocketTimeoutException | ConnectException e) {logger.error("OKhttp POST 请求超时,url:{}", url, e);throw new BusinessException(ResponseCodeEnum.CODE_900);} catch (Exception e) {logger.error("OKhttp POST 请求异常,url:{}", url, e);return null;} finally {if (responseBody != null) {responseBody.close();}}}private static SSLSocketFactory createSSLSocketFactory() {SSLSocketFactory ssfFactory = null;try {SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2");sc.init(null, new TrustManager[]{new TrustAllCerts()}, new SecureRandom());ssfFactory = sc.getSocketFactory();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return ssfFactory;}}class TrustAllCerts implements X509TrustManager {@Overridepublic void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) {}@Overridepublic void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) {}@Overridepublic X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {return new X509Certificate[0];}
}class RedirectInterceptor implements Interceptor {private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedirectInterceptor.class);@Overridepublic Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {Request request = chain.request();Response response = chain.proceed(request);int code = response.code();if (code == 307 || code == 301 || code == 302) {//获取重定向的地址String location = response.headers().get("Location");logger.info("重定向地址,location:{}", location);//重新构建请求Request newRequest = request.newBuilder().url(location).build();response = chain.proceed(newRequest);}return response;}
}
2.获取Ip地址
代码如下(示例):这个代码只能获取到省份地址,具体信息请看下面的详细访问
public String getIpAddress(String ip){try {String url = "http://whois.pconline.com.cn/ipJson.jsp?json=true&ip=" + ip;String responseJson = OKHttpUtils.getRequest(url);if(null == responseJson){return Constants.NO_ADDRESS;}Map<String,String> addressInfo = JsonUtils.convertJson2Obj(responseJson,Map.class);return addressInfo.get("pro");}catch (Exception e){logger.error("获取ip地址失败",e);}return Constants.NO_ADDRESS;}
3.Controller层获取Ip地址
@RequestMapping("/login")public String login(HttpServletRequest request){String ip = getIpAddr(request)return getIpAddress(ip);}/*** 获取客户端IP地址* 由于客户端的IP地址可能通过多个代理层转发,因此需要检查多个HTTP头字段以获取真实IP。* 此方法首先检查“x-forwarded-for”头,这是最常用的代理头,然后尝试其他不那么常见的头字段。* 如果所有尝试都失败,则回退到使用请求的远程地址。** @param request HttpServletRequest对象,用于获取客户端IP地址。* @return 客户端的IP地址字符串。如果无法确定客户端IP,则返回请求的远程地址。*/protected String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {// 尝试获取“x-forwarded-for”头,这是最常用的代理头字段。String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");// 检查“x-forwarded-for”头是否有效,并提取第一个IP地址。if (ip != null && ip.length() != 0 && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {// 多次反向代理后会有多个ip值,第一个ip才是真实ipif (ip.indexOf(",") != -1) {ip = ip.split(",")[0];}}// 如果“x-forwarded-for”头无效,尝试其他不那么常见的代理头字段。if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");}if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");}if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");}if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");}if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");}// 如果所有代理头字段都无效,回退到使用请求的远程地址作为客户端IP。if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {ip = request.getRemoteAddr();}// 返回获取到的IP地址,无论它是通过代理头还是直接从请求中获取。return ip;}
获取信息如上,可以自行获取其他信息
总结
本次项目总结如何获取Ip地址