使用Qt Quick Controls创建自定义日历组件

引言

Qt6 Quick框架提供了一套丰富的日历相关组件，包括 MonthGrid、DayOfWeekRow 和 WeekNumberColumn，使开发者能够轻松实现各种日历功能。本文将通过一个简单的日历应用示例，展示如何组合这些组件创建一个完整的日历界面。

项目结构及实现

工程结构图

代码实现及解析

1. 组件封装

首先，我们将三个基础日历组件封装成单独的QML文件，便于复用和维护。

MonthGridComponent.qml

import QtQuick
import QtQuick.ControlsMonthGrid {id: monthGridlocale: Qt.locale("zh_CN")    // 本地化设置delegate: Text {              // 自定义日期显示text: model.dayhorizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenterverticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter}
}

这个组件封装了月份网格，设置了中文本地化，自定义了日期显示样式。

DayOfWeekRowComponent.qml

import QtQuick
import QtQuick.ControlsDayOfWeekRow {locale: Qt.locale("zh_CN")delegate: Text {text: model.shortNamefont.bold: truehorizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter}
}

这个组件封装了星期标题行，同样使用中文本地化，加粗显示星期名称。

WeekNumberColumnComponent.qml

import QtQuick
import QtQuick.ControlsWeekNumberColumn {locale: Qt.locale("zh_CN")delegate: Text {text: model.weekNumberhorizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenterverticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter}
}

这个组件封装了周数列，显示每周的周数。

2. 主界面实现

Main.qml

import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Controls
import "components"ApplicationWindow {visible: truewidth: 600height: 500property date currentDate: new Date()property int currentMonth: currentDate.getMonth()property int currentYear: currentDate.getFullYear()Column {anchors.fill: parentanchors.margins: 20spacing: 10// 月份导航Row {spacing: 10anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenterButton {text: "<"onClicked: {if (currentMonth === 0) {currentMonth = 11currentYear--} else {currentMonth--}}}Label {text: Qt.locale().standaloneMonthName(currentMonth) + " " + currentYearfont.pixelSize: 18font.bold: true}Button {text: ">"onClicked: {if (currentMonth === 11) {currentMonth = 0currentYear++} else {currentMonth++}}}}// 日历主体Row {spacing: 10// 周数列WeekNumberColumnComponent {width: 40height: monthGrid.heightmonth: currentMonthyear: currentYeardelegate: Rectangle {implicitWidth: 40implicitHeight: 40color: "transparent"Text {text: model.weekNumberanchors.centerIn: parentcolor: "gray"}}}Column {spacing: 5// 星期标题行DayOfWeekRowComponent {width: monthGrid.widthheight: 40delegate: Rectangle {implicitWidth: 40implicitHeight: 40color: "#f0f0f0"Text {text: model.shortNameanchors.centerIn: parentfont.bold: true}}}// 月历网格MonthGridComponent {id: monthGridmonth: currentMonthyear: currentYeardelegate: Rectangle {implicitWidth: 40implicitHeight: 40color: {if (!model.day)return "transparent"if (model.today)return "#e6f3ff"if (model.month === monthGrid.month)return "white"return "#f9f9f9"}border.color: "#e0e0e0"Text {text: model.dayanchors.centerIn: parentcolor: {if (!model.day)return "transparent"if (model.month !== monthGrid.month)return "gray"return "black"}font.bold: model.today}MouseArea {anchors.fill: parentenabled: model.day && model.month === monthGrid.monthonClicked: console.log("选择的日期:", model.date.toLocaleDateString())}}}}}}
}

主界面实现了以下功能：

日期属性定义：