OSPF综合大实验

1、R4为ISP，其上只配置IP地址；R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP；
2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点；
3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分；除了R12有两个环回，其他路由器均有一个环回IP
4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回；
5、减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全；
6、全网可达；

1.配置IP地址
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 24

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.2 24

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.3 24
[R3-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.3 24

[R4-ISP]int s4/0/0
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.4 24
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.4 24
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0
[R4-ISP-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.4 24
[R4-ISP-Serial3/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R4-ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.4 24
[R4-ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.4 24

[R5]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.5 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.5 24

[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.6 24
[R6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.6 24

[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.7 24

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.5 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.98.8 24

[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.6 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.9 24

[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.129.2 30
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.10 24

[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.5 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.11 24

[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.6 30
[R12]int l0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.12 24
[R12-LoopBack0]int l1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.161.12 24

2.内网通

分区域使用ospf路由协议

area 1:

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 1

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 1

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 1

area 0:
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 0

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 0

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 0

[R7-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 0

area 2:

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 2

[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]a 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 2

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf enable area 2
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 2

[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 2
[R12]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]v 2
[R12-rip-1]undo summary
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

两种协议进行路由引入：

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip

area 3:

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf enable area 3

[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 3
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf enable area 3
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 3

[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 3
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

area 4:（不同的进程）

[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf enable area 4
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 4

[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-2]area 4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf enable area 4
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ospf enable area 4

进程引入：

[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2

[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1

3公网通

缺省路由

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4

[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4

[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4

4. 配置MGRE

(1)创建隧道并注册信息

[R3]int t 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.6.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
Apr 16 2024 19:49:58-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

[R5]int t0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.6.5 24
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
Apr 16 2024 19:53:40-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register

[R6]int t0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.6.6 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
Apr 16 2024 19:58:45-08:00 R6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register

[R7]int t0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.6.7 24
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
Apr 16 2024 20:06:18-08:00 R7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register

（2）隧道内ospf的启动
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.3 0.0.0.0

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.5 0.0.0.0

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.6 0.0.0.0

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.7 0.0.0.0

（3）修改隧道接口类型并取消选举

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

5.内网出口处配置easy ip

[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0

8.路由聚合

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]ab
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0

9.设置特殊区域

area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nss no-summary

area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

10.加快收敛

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5

[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5

[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

11.区域认证

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456