一、介绍

1. 代码格式统一。包括统一缩进和尽量使用清晰且统一风格的变量和函数命名
2. 注释和文档。编写必要且清晰的注释和文档
3. 使用让面试官眼前一亮的现代新特性，代码简洁。例如可选链（Optional Chaining）、空值合并运算符（Nullish Coalescing Operator）等
4. 执行性能有一定优化。
5. 遵循模块化设计。将代码分割成多个模块，便于管理和重用
6. 错误处理。确保代码对错误有良好的处理机制，包括同步和异步错误
7. 考虑到扩展性。
8. 单元测试。

二、示例

以下是一个包含上述要素的示例TypeScript类，以及相应的单元测试：

2.1 示例类代码

// utils/Logger.ts
export class Logger {log(message: string): void {console.log(message);}error(message: string): void {console.error(message);}
}// models/User.ts
export class User {constructor(private id: number,private name: string,private email: string,private logger: Logger) {}// 获取用户的简短描述getSummary(): string {return `User: ${this.name} (${this.email})`;}// 更新用户邮箱updateEmail(newEmail: string): void {if (this.validateEmail(newEmail)) {this.email = newEmail;this.logger.log(`Email updated to ${newEmail}`);} else {this.logger.error('Invalid email address');}}// 验证邮箱格式private validateEmail(email: string): boolean {const emailRegex = /^[^\s@]+@[^\s@]+\.[^\s@]+$/;return emailRegex.test(email);}
}// index.ts
import { Logger } from './utils/Logger';
import { User } from './models/User';const logger = new Logger();
const user = new User(1, 'John Doe', 'john.doe@example.com', logger);console.log(user.getSummary());
user.updateEmail('new.email@example.com');

2.2 单元测试

// tests/User.test.ts
import { Logger } from '../utils/Logger';
import { User } from '../models/User';describe('User', () => {let logger: Logger;let user: User;beforeEach(() => {logger = new Logger();user = new User(1, 'John Doe', 'john.doe@example.com', logger);});it('should return user summary', () => {expect(user.getSummary()).toBe('User: John Doe (john.doe@example.com)');});it('should update email if valid', () => {const newEmail = 'new.email@example.com';user.updateEmail(newEmail);expect(user.getSummary()).toBe(`User: John Doe (${newEmail})`);});it('should not update email if invalid', () => {const invalidEmail = 'invalid-email';user.updateEmail(invalidEmail);expect(user.getSummary()).toBe('User: John Doe (john.doe@example.com)');});
});