拓扑图

一.实验要求

1.AS1存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.1.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告       

AS3存在两个环回，一个地址为192.168.2.0/24，该地址不能在任何协议中宣告       

AS1还有一个环回地址为10.1.1.0/24，AS3另一个环回地址是11.1.1.8/24 

最终要求这两个环回可以互相通讯

2.整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16

3.AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意分配

4.使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问

5.减少路由条目数量，避免环路出现

三、实验步骤

1.配置IP

R1

[r1]int g0/0/0

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 30

May 29 2024 00:47:28-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0

[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.1 24

[r1-LoopBack0]int l 1

[r1-LoopBack1]ip add 10.1.1.1 24

R2

[r2]int g0/0/0

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 30

May 29 2024 00:48:24-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30

May 29 2024 00:48:36-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.22 30

May 29 2024 00:48:54-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l 0

[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32

[r2-LoopBack0]int l 1

[r2-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.2.1 24

R3

[r3]int g0/0/0

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30

May 29 2024 00:49:54-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30

May 29 2024 00:50:11-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0

[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32

[r3-LoopBack0]int l 1

[r3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24

R4

[r4]int g0/0/0

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30

May 29 2024 00:51:17-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30

May 29 2024 00:51:28-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0

[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 32

[r4-LoopBack0]int l 1

[r4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24

R5

[r5]int g0/0/0

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.21 30

May 29 2024 00:52:18-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.18 30

May 29 2024 00:52:29-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0

[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 32

[r5-LoopBack0]int l 1

[r5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.1 24

[r6]int g0/0/0

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.17 30

May 29 2024 00:53:33-08:00 r6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.14 30

May 29 2024 00:53:45-08:00 r6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0

[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 6.6.6.6 32

[r6-LoopBack0]int l 1

[r6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24

R7

[r7]int g0/0/0

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.10 30

May 29 2024 00:54:41-08:00 r7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30

May 29 2024 00:54:53-08:00 r7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 78.0.0.1 30

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]

May 29 2024 00:55:04-08:00 r7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.

[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l 0

[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 7.7.7.7 32

[r7-LoopBack0]int l 1

[r7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24

R8

[r8]int g0/0/0

[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.0.0.2 30

May 29 2024 00:56:02-08:00 r8 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.

[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0

[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.2.1 24

[r8-LoopBack0]int l 1

[r8-LoopBack1]ip add 11.1.1.1 24

2.AS2内部配置ospf

R2

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

[r2-ospf-1]ar        

[r2-ospf-1]area 0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0

[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.22 0.0.0.0

R3

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[r3-ospf-1]area 0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.0

[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.5 0.0.0.0

R4

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4

[r4-ospf-1]area 0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.6 0.0.0.0

[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.9 0.0.0.0

R5

[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5

[r5-ospf-1]area 0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.21 0.0.0.0

[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.18 0.0.0.0

R6

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6

[r6-ospf-1]area 0

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.17 0.0.0.0

[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.14 0.0.0.0

R7

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7

[r7-ospf-1]area 0

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 7.7.7.7 0.0.0.0

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.7.0 0.0.0.255

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.10 0.0.0.255

[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.13 0.0.0.0

3.

R1与R2建立EBGP

R1

[r1]bgp 1

[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1

[r1-bgp]peer 12.0.0.2 as-number 2

R2

[r2]bgp 64512

[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2

[r2-bgp]confederation id 2

[r2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as-number 1

R7与R8建立EBGP

[r7]bgp 64513

[r7-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2

[r7-bgp]confederation id 2

[r7-bgp]peer 78.0.0.2 as-number 3

[r8]bgp 3

[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8

[r8-bgp]peer 78.0.0.1 as-number 2

4.

AS2区域中64512内R2/3/4之间建立联邦

R2

[r2]bgp 64512

[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 64512

[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local

R3

[r3]bgp 64512

[r3-bgp]confederation id 2

[r3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 64512

[r3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 64512

[r3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R4

[r4]bgp 64512

[r4-bgp]confederation id 2

[r4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 64512

[r4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0

AS2区域中64513内R5/6/7之间建立联邦

R5

[r5]bgp 64513

[r5-bgp]confederation id 2

[r5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 64513

[r5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R6

[r6]bgp 64513

[r6-bgp]confederation id 2

[r6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 64513

[r6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 64513

[r6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0

R7

[r7]bgp 6451

[r7]bgp 64513

[r7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 64513

[r7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local

5.

R2与R5建立EBGP

R2

[r2]bgp 64512

[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513

[r2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 64513

[r2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 ebgp-max-hop

[r2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local

R5

[r5]bgp 64513

[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512

[r5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 64512

[r5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 ebgp-max-hop

R4与R7建立EBGP

R4

[r4]bgp 64512

[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513

[r4-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 64513

[r4-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r4-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 ebgp-max-hop

R7

[r7]bgp 64513

[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512

[r7-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 64512

[r7-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r7-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop

[r7-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local

6.在R3与R6上配置路由反射器用来打破IBGP的水平分割

R3

[r3]bgp 64512

[r3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 reflect-client

R6

[r6]bgp 64513

[r6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 reflect-client

6.

将用户网段宣告进BGP

[r1]bgp 1

[r1-bgp]network 10.1.1.0 24

[r2]bgp 64512

[r2-bgp]network 172.16.2.0 24

[r3]bgp 64512

[r3-bgp]network 172.16.3.0 24

[r4]bgp 64512

[r4-bgp]network 172.16.4.0 24

[r5]bgp 64513

[r5-bgp]network 172.16.5.0 24

[r6]bgp 64513

[r6-bgp]network 172.16.6.0 24

[r7]bgp 64513

[r7-bgp]network 172.16.7.0 24

[r8]bgp 3

[r8-bgp]network 11.1.1.0 24

7.

创建R1-R8虚拟隧道，使用GRE

R1

[r1]bgp 1

[r1-bgp]network 10.1.1.0 24

[r1-bgp]int t 0/0/1

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip add 192.168.3.1 24

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]source 10.1.1.1

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]destination 11.1.1.1

May 29 2024 01:45:22-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]Q

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.3.2

R8

[r8]bgp 3

[r8-bgp]network 11.1.1.0 24

[r8-bgp]int t0/0/1

[r8-Tunnel0/0/1]ip add 192.168.3.2 24

[r8-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre

[r8-Tunnel0/0/1]source 11.1.1.1

[r8-Tunnel0/0/1]destination 10.1.1.1

May 29 2024 01:46:40-08:00 r8 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP

on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the UP state.

[r8-Tunnel0/0/1]Q

[r8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.3.1

8.

路由聚合

R2

[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0

[r2]bgp 64512

[r2-bgp]aggregate 172.16.0.0 21 detail-suppressed

R7

[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0

[r7]bgp 64513

[r7-bgp]aggregate 172.16.0.0 21 detail-suppressed

四、验证